The Richmond and Northallerton parliamentary constituency consists of the following 14 electoral divisions:
Catterick Village & Brompton-on-Swale; Great Ayton; Hipswell & Colburn; Leyburn & Middleham; Morton-on-Swale & Appleton Wiske; North Richmondshire; Northallerton North & Brompton; Northallerton South; Richmond; Romanby; Scotton & Lower Wensleydale; Stokesley; Upper Dales.
The constituency is mostly rural, with several relatively densely populated settlements, such as Richmond, Catterick Garrison, Colburn, Catterick, Northallerton, Stokesley and Great Ayton. The market towns of Richmond and Northallerton give the constituency its name, with the latter being largest population centre in the constituency. Notably, this constituency includes Catterick Garrison, the largest British Army garrison.